- A Study of the Removal Characteristics of Heavy Metal(loid)s using by Product from NoMix Toilet and its Characterization
- Shim, Jaehong;Lim, Jeong-Muk;Kim, Jin-Won;Kim, Hae-Won;Oh, Byung-Taek;
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln;Division of Biotechnology, Collage of Environmental and Bioresource Science, Chonbuk National University;Division of Biotechnology, Collage of Environmental and Bioresource Science, Chonbuk National University;Division of Biotechnology, Collage of Environmental and Bioresource Science, Chonbuk National University;Division of Biotechnology, Collage of Environmental and Bioresource Science, Chonbuk National University;
- NoMix toilet 에서 발생하는 부산물을 이용한 수용액내 (준)중금속 제거 특성 및 가능성 연구
- 심재홍;임정묵;김진원;김해원;오병택;
- 네브라스카 주립대학 천연자원학부;전북대학교 생명공학부;전북대학교 생명공학부;전북대학교 생명공학부;전북대학교 생명공학부;
Abstract
Struvite (MgNH4PO4 ⋅ 6H2O) and hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) precipitation in urine-separating toilets (NoMix toilets) causes severe maintenance problems and also reduce the phosphate and calcium content. Application of urine separating technique and extraction of by-products from human urine is a cost effective technique in waste water treatment. In this study, we extract urine calcite from human urine by batch scale method, using urease producing microbes to trigger the precipitation and calcite formation process. Extracted urine calcite (calcining at 800℃) is a potential adsorbent for removal of heavy metal(loid)s like (Cd2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ and As3+) along with additional leaching analysis of total nitrogen (T-N), phosphate (T-P) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The transformations of calcite during synthesis were confirm by characterization using XRD, SEM-EDAX and FT-IR techniques. In additional, the phosphate leaching potential and adsorbate (nitrate) efficiency in aqueous solution was investigated using the calcinedurine calcite. The results indicate that the calcite was effectively remove heavy metal(loid)s lead up to 96.8%. In addition, the adsorption capacity (qe) of calcite was calculated and it was found to be 203.64 Pb, 110.96 Cd, 96.02 Zn, 104.2 As, 149.54 Cu and 162.68 Ni mg/g, respectively. Hence, we suggest that the calcite obtain from the human urine will be a suitable absorbent for heavy metal(loid)s removal from aqueous solution.
Keywords: NoMix toilet;Heavy metal(loid)s;Urine calcite (UC);Precipitation;Complexation;
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