• Characteristics of Heavy Metals Uptake by Plants: Based on Plant Species, Types of Heavy Metals, and Initial Metal Concentration in Soil
  • Jeong, Seul-Ki;Kim, Tae-Sung;Moon, Hee-Sun;
  • Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University;Haechun Environment Total Solution co.;School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University;
  • 식물정화공법에서 다양한 중금속의 식물체로의 흡수 및 축적 특성 비교: 식물체 종류, 중금속 종류, 토양 내 중금속 농도를 중심으로
  • 정슬기;김태성;문희선;
  • 서울대학교 공과대학 건설환경공학부;(주)해천이티에스;서울대학교 자연과학대학 지구환경과학부;
Abstract
Phytoextraction, one type of phytoremediation processes, has been widely used in the removal of heavy metals from polluted soil. This paper reviewed literature on metal uptake by plants and characterized the metal uptake by types of metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, and As), plant species, initial metal concentrations in soil and the distribution of metals in different parts of plants. The potential of metal accumulation and transport by plants was closely related to plants species, types of metals, and initial metal concentrations in soil. The plants belonging to Brassicaceae, Solanaceae, Poaceae, and Convolvulaceae families have shown the high potential capacity of Cd accumulation. The Gentianaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Polygonaceae families have exhibited relatively high Pb uptake potential while the Pteridaceae and Cyperaceae families have shown relatively high Zn uptake potential. The Pteridaceae family could uptake a remarkably high amount of As compared with other plant families. The potential metal accumulation per plant biomass has increased with increasing initial metal concentration in soil up to a certain level and then decreased for Cd and Zn. For As, only Pteris vittata had a linear relationship between initial concentration in soil and potential of metal uptake. However, a meaningful relationship for Pb was not found in this study. Generally, the plants having high metal uptake potential for Cd or Pb mainly accumulated the metal in their roots. However, the Euphorbiaceae family has accumulated more than 80% of Pb in shoot. Zn has evenly accumulated in roots and stems except for the plants belonging to the Polygonaceae and Rosaceae families which accumulated Zn in their leaves. The Pteridaceae family has accumulated a higher amount of As in leaves than roots. The types of metals, plant species, and initial metal concentration in soil influence the metal uptake by plants. It is important to select site-specific plant species for effective removal of metals in soil. Therefore, this study may provide useful and beneficial information on metal accumulation by plants for the in situ phytoremediation.

Keywords: Heavy metals;Phytoremediation;Accumulator;Plant species;

References
  • 1. 구소연, 조경숙, 2006, 중금속 오염 토양의 식물상 복원에 있어 식물과 근권 세균의 상호작용, Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 34, 83-93.
  •  
  • 2. 이병규, 고일하, 김행아, 2005, 단계추출법에 의한 울산지역 토양중의 중금속 Partitioning 특성연구, 대한환경공학회지, 27, 25-35
  •  
  • 3. Antonkiewicz, J. and Jasiewicz, c., 2002, The use of plants accumulating heavy metals for detoxification of chemically polluted soils, J. Pol. Agric. Univ., 5, 121-143.
  •  
  • 4. Baker, A.J.M., 1981, Accumulators and excluders-strategies in the response of plants to heavy metals. J. Plant Nutr., 3, 643-654.
  •  
  • 5. Boularbah, A., Schwartz, C., Bitton, G., Aboudrar, W., Ouhammou, A., and Morel, J.L., 2006, Heavy metal contamination from mining sites in South Morocco: 2. Assessment of metal accumulation and toxicity in plants, Chemosphere, 63, 811-817.
  •  
  • 6. Brooks, R.R., Reeves, R.D., Morrison, R.S., Malaisse, F., 1980, Hyperaccumulation of copper and cobalt-a review, Soc. Royale de Botanique de Belgique, 113, 166-172.
  •  
  • 7. Brun, L.A., Maillet, J., Richarte, J., Herrmann, P., and Remy, J.C., 1998, Relationships between extractable copper, soil properties and copper uptake by wild plants in vineyard soils, Environ. Pollut., 102, 151-161.
  •  
  • 8. Cao, X., Ma, L.Q., Chen, M., Singh, S.P., and Harris, W.G., 2002, Impacts of phosphate amendments on lead biogeochemistry in a contaminated site, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 296-304.
  •  
  • 9. Cao, X., Ma, L.Q., and Tu, C., 2004, Antioxidative responses to arsenic in the arsenic-hyperaccumulator Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata L.), Environ. Pollut., 128, 317-325.
  •  
  • 10. Chehregani, A., Noori, M., and Yazdi, H.L., 2009, Phytoremediation of heavy-metal-polluted soils: Screening for new accumulator plants in Angouran mine (Iran) and evaluation of removalability, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 72, 1349-1353.
  •  
  • 11. Chen, H. and Cutright, T., 2001, EDTA and HEDTA effects on Cd, Cr, and Ni uptake by Helianthus annuus, Chemosphere, 45, 21-28.
  •  
  • 12. Chen, T.B., Wei, C.Y., Huang, Z.C., Huang, Q.F., and Lu, Q.G., 2002, Arsenic hyperaccumulator Peteris vittata L. and its arsenic accumulation, Chinese Sci. Bull., 47, 902-905.
  •  
  • 13. Clemente, R., Walker, D.J., and Bernal, M.P., 2005, Uptake of heavy metals and As by Brassica juncea grown in a contaminated soil in Aznalco'llar (Spain): The effect of soil amendments, Environ. Pollut., 138, 46-58.
  •  
  • 14. Cui, Y.J., Zhu, Y.G., Zhai, R.H., Chen, D.Y., Huang, Y.Z., Qiu, Y., and Liang, J.Z., 2004, Transfer of metals from soil to vegetables in an area near a smelter in Nanning, China, Environ. Int., 30, 785- 791.
  •  
  • 15. Ghosh, M. and Singh S.P., 2005, A review on phytoremediation of heavy metals and utilization of its byproducts, Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res., 3, 1-18.
  •  
  • 16. Hammer, D., Keller, C., McLaughlin, M.J., and Hamon, R.E., 2006, Fixation of metals in soil constituents and potential remobilization by hyperaccumulating and non-hyperaccumulating plants: Results from an isotopic dilution study, Environ. Pollut., 143, 407-415.
  •  
  • 17. Igwe, J.C. and Abia, A.A., 2006, A bioseparation process for removing heavy metals from wastewater using biosorbents, Afr. J. Biotechnol., 5, 1167-1179.
  •  
  • 18. Kramer, U., 2005, Phytoremediation: novel approaches to cleaning up polluted soils, Curr. Opin. Biotech., 16, 133-141.
  •  
  • 19. Kumino, T., Seaki K., Nagaoka, K., Oyaizu, H., and Matusumoto, S., 2001, Characterization of copper-resistant bacterial community in rhizosphere of highly copper-contaminated soil, Eur. J. Soil Biol., 37, 95-102.
  •  
  • 20. Li, N.Y., Li, Z.A., Zhuang, P., Zou, B., and McBride, M., 2009, Cadmium Uptake From Soil by Maize With Intercrops, Water Air Soil Pollut., 199, 45-56.
  •  
  • 21. Liu, X., Gao, Y., Khan, S., Duan, G., Chen, A., Ling, L., Zhao, L., Liu, Z., and Wu, X., 2008, Accumulation of Pb, Cu, and Zn in native plants growing on contaminated sites and their potential accumulation capacity in Heqing, Yunnan, J. Environ. Sci., 20, 1469-1474.
  •  
  • 22. Ma, L.Q., Kenneth, M.K., Tu, C., Zhang, W.H., Cai, Y., and Kennelley, E.D., 2001, A fern that hyperaccumulating arsenic, Nature, 409, 579.
  •  
  • 23. Mattina, M.I., William, L.B., Musante, C., and White, J.C., 2003, Concurrent plant uptake of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants from soil, Environ. Pollut., 124, 375-378.
  •  
  • 24. Mingorance, M.D., Valdes, D., and Rossini, O.S., 2007, Strategies of heavy metal uptake by plants growing under industrial emissions, Environ. Int., 33, 514-520.
  •  
  • 25. Reeves, R.D. and Baker, A.J.M., 2000, Metal-accumulating plants. In: Raskin, I. (Ed.), Phytoremediation of Toxic Metals: Using Plants to Clean Up the Environment, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp.l93-229.
  •  
  • 26. Rio, M.D., Font, R., Almela, C., Velez, D., Montoro, R., and Bailon, A.D.H., 2002, Heavy metals and arsenic uptake by wild vegetation in the Guadiamar river area after the toxic spill of the Aznalcollar mine, Biotechnol. J., 98, 125-137.
  •  
  • 27. Rosselli, W., Keller, C., and Boschi, K., 2003, Phytoextraction capacity of trees growing on metal contaminated soil, Plant Soil, 256, 265-72.
  •  
  • 28. Sasmaz, A., Obek, E., and Hasarb, H., 2008, The accumulation of heavy metals in Typha latifolia L. grown in a stream carrying secondary effluent, Ecol. Eng., 33, 278-284.
  •  
  • 29. Shallari, S., Schwartza, C., Haskob, A., and Morela, T.J.L., 1998, Heavy metals in soils and plants of serpentine and industrial sites of Albania, Sci. Total Environ., 209, 133-142.
  •  
  • 30. Stoltz, E. and Greger, M., 2002, Accumulation properties of As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn by four wetland plant species growing on submerged mine tailings, Environ. Exp. Bot., 47, 271-280.
  •  
  • 31. Wei, C.Y. and Chen, T.B., 2006, Arsenic accumulation by two brake ferns growing on an arsenic mine and their potential in phytoremediation, Chemosphere, 63, 1048-1053.
  •  
  • 32. Yadav, S.K., Juwarkar, A.A., Kumar, G.P., Thawale, P.R., Singh, S.K., and Chakrabarti, T., 1998, Heavy metals in soils and plants of serpentine and industrial sites of Albania, Bioresour. Technol., 100, 4616-4622.
  •  
  • 33. Yoon, J., Cao, X., Zhou, Q., and Ma, L.Q., 2006, Accumulation of Pb, Cu, and Zn in native plants growing on a contaminated Florida site, Sci. Total Environ., 368, 456-464.
  •  

This Article

  • 2010; 15(3): 61-68

    Published on Jun 30, 2010

  • Received on Mar 22, 2010
  • Revised on Apr 12, 2010
  • Accepted on Jun 9, 2010